The following are common blessings (baruchot).

Other Blessings

Lighting Candles
Installing A Mezuzah
After Using the Bathroom

Other Prayers
Modeh Ani

This blessing is said right after ritually washing one's hands at the following times:

• After the Modeh Ani (see below)
• Prior to the morning service
• Prior to eating bread
• (Some also wash before studying Torah.)

Before saying the prayer, fill a cup with water and pour it over your hands in the following manner: If you are washing before eating bread, pour water over your right hand three times, then pour the water over the left hand three times. For all other times, wash alternate hands six times so that each hand receives the water three times. Now say the blessing, then dry your hands on a towel.

This blessing is said before drinking grape wine or grape juice.

Ba-ruch a-tah A-do-nai E-lo-hei-nu Me-lech Ha-o-lam,
bo-rei p'ri ha-ga-fen.

Blessed are You, Hashem, our God, King of the Universe,
who creates the fruit of the vine.  

This blessing is for foods (other than bread) made from wheat, barley, oats, rye, or spelt, for example: cookies, crackers, cereal. Note, however: portion can also make the distinction between mezzonot and ha-motzi. A snack-size portion of pizza is mezzonot, while a meal-size would be ha-motzi.

Ba-ruch a-tah A-do-nai E-lo-hei-nu Me-lech Ha-o-lam,
bo-rei mi-nei m'zo-not.

Blessed are You, Hashem, our God, King of the Universe,
who creates variety of sustenance.

This blessing is said before eating foods that grow attached to permanent stalks or limbs, such as most fruits, including cranberries and blueberries, grapes and olives, and most nuts.

This blessing is said prior to eating foods that lose their branches and are regrown each year, such as vegetables, herbs, beans, corn, peanuts, rice, bananas and strawberries.

Ba-ruch a-tah A-do-nai E-lo-hei-nu Me-lech Ha-o-lam,
bo-rei p'ri ha-a-da-mah.

Blessed are You, Hashem, our God, King of the Universe,
who creates the fruit of the earth.  

This blessing is for all other foods and drinks not specified above, including water, meat, fish, dairy products, mushrooms, rice, fruit juice (except grape juice) and all other liquids, except wine and olive oil.

Ba-ruch a-tah A-do-nai E-lo-hei-nu Me-lech Ha-o-lam,
she-ha-kol ni-h'yeh bid-va-ro.

Blessed are You, Hashem, our God, King of the Universe,
by whose word everything came to be.  

Candle lighting time begins 18 minutes before sundown. The exact time is provided on Jewish calendars, which are available at any synagogue or from many Jewish businesses. Chabad.org and the Orthodox Union provide a convenient online calendar with times for any national or international city.

Candle lighting is a mitzvah (commandment) primarily for women; therefore, the woman of the house lights the candles (one for a single woman and at least two for a married one, with an additional candle for each child). Prior to lighting the candles, make sure you have turned on the lights that will remain lit through Shabbat and shut off those not needed; cooking should be completed. After lighting, the woman waves her hands three times over the candles, welcoming in the sabbath. Then she covers her eyes and recites the blessing. The hands are then removed from the eyes, and she looks at the candles, completing the mitzvah of lighting the candles. Once the woman has lit the candles, shabbat has been welcomed into the home, and all Shabbat mitzvot must be observed.

The following blessing is said before nailing or affixing the mezuzah to the doorpost. Once the blessing is said, affix the mezuzah, the casing with its sacred scroll within, to the upper third of the doorport on the right side, at an angle. A mezuzah should be placed on all doorpost entrances, including those within the home or business, with the exception of the bathrrom doors.

Ba-ruch a-tah A-do-nai E-lo-hei-nu Me-lech Ha-o-lam,
a-sher ki-d'sha-nu b'mitz-vo-tav, v'tsi-va-nu
lik-bo-a m'zu-zah.

Blessed are You, Hashem, our God, King of the Universe,
who makes us holy through His commandments, and commanded us
to affix a mezzuzah.

ASHER YATSAR

On exiting the bathroom, after using the facilities and washing your hands, recite the following:

Other Prayers

The following prayer is not a blessing, nor is it considered a prayer in the sense that it does not require one to be "clean," being said prior to washing one's hands. The name of G-d is never mentioned here, but it is said every morning as soon as we wake up and before doing anything else--our first recognition of the day that we are alive thanks to Hashem's desire.

MODEH ANI

Mo-deh  a-ni  l'fa-ne-cha
me-lech  chai  v'ka-yam
she-he-che-zar-ta  bi  nish-ma-ti
b'chem-la  ra-bah  e-mu-na-te-cha.

I give thanks before You,
living and eternal King,
who has returned my soul into me
in compassion; great is Your faithfulness.